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Corruption, in its many guises, is a global phenomenon to be contended with in commerce, politics, and day-to-day life. And in some countries, according to Transparency International (TI), it has become deeply embedded in the very fabric of society.  The international lending community, including the World Bank and intergovernmental institutions such as the United Nations (U.N.), the African Union (AU), and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), has sought to combat the problem of corruption through a variety of mechanisms. These mechanisms range from tying loans to conditions that require the borrower (donee) state to adopt better governance mechanisms and pass anti-corruption laws to international treaties and soft law.  Of the treaties, the 2005 U.N. Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) and the 1997 OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions (Anti-Bribery Convention) are the most well-known. And of the soft law instruments, the most famous are the U.N. Global Compact (UNGC)  and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises (OECD Guidelines), which recommend that companies avoid corrupt practices when engaging in business transactions to focus on reducing corruption from the supply side.  Despite these efforts, the recent past is  replete with numerous bribery allegations such as the BAE case and the Siemens case, to name a few. . .