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Criminal Law—First Circuit Denies Double-Intent Requirement for Internet Enticement of Minors—United States v. Dwinells, 508 F.3d 63 (1st Cir. 2007), cert. denied, 128 S. Ct. 2961 (2008)

First Circuit Review 2009 Since the advent of the Internet, Congress, law enforcement officials, and the public have tried to protect children from online sexual predators.  In 1996, Congress amended the Telecommunications Act, criminalizing the enticement of minors...

Constitutional Law—First Circuit Conducts Independent, Not Clear-Error, Review in Free Speech Case Involving City Ordinances—Sullivan v. City of Augusta, 511 F.3d 16 (1st Cir. 2007), cert. denied, 129 S. Ct. 112 (2008)

First Circuit Review 2009 Protecting the expression of unpopular ideas lies at the heart of the First Amendment; therefore, free speech law inherently distrusts regulation.  Acknowledging the First Amendment’s importance, the United States Supreme Court imposed a...

Tax Law—Retired Tenured Professors’ Early Retirement Plan Compensation Subject to Federal Insurance Contributions Act Taxation—University of Pittsburgh v. United States, 507 F.3d 165 (3d Cir. 2007)

The Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA) funds a national system of old age, survivors, disability, and hospital insurance, commonly known as social security and Medicare. To achieve its purpose, FICA imposes a tax on both employers and employees at a level...

Chapter 40B Should Buy the Farm

This Note will use the Hamilton Farm incident in Winchester, Massachusetts, to discuss the effects and inefficacy of Chapter 40B.30 Part II, sections A and B, will first explore the history, usage, and contours of Chapter 40B. Part II, sections C and D, will then...